"Life in the desert... you feel alive, you have to be friends with nature". Mamatal's love for his arid home is matched only by his fear that it is slipping from his people's grasp. "We are not anything without our culture" he adds, "every person in the world, his identity is his culture". And yet Mamatal knows that for his people to survive, they must turn to the alien and hyper-accelerated world beyond their desert tents.

All this contradiction can be seen in his tribe. Mothers grind grain with wooden clubs whilst children in trainers and football shirts talk about their aspirations to study medicine. Camel's milk is served in plastic bottles and the sick turn to Paracetamol in place of herbal remedies. Neglected by successive governments and beset by drought and poverty, the Tuareg must tread a fine line between pushing for development and remaining authentically themselves. Can a people embrace education, healthcare, modern infrastructure and consumer technology and still remain tribal nomads? Mamatal and his people are plagued by this dilemma.

Just as the sands of the Sahara shift and ebb and flow, so too do new threats emerge to threaten the Tuareg. Islamist militants and renegade mercenaries turn the Sahara into a battleground, forcing peaceful nomads into an ever-tighter corner. Foreign business interests seize territory, pollute oases and plunder the desert of its riches. And as the Tuareg flee south, they face discrimination from the people of southern Mali and a lingering death on the fringes of society. Neglected by the Malian state, they are forced to fester in refugee camps. Robbed of their land, their traditions, and their voice, the Tuareg may soon be robbed of all hope as well.

Telling the on-going story of the native people of the Sahara, Behind the Blue Veil is a moving documentary that challenges our notions of the relationship between culture and development, and puts a complex humanitarian situation into sharp focus.