Black Segregation and Japanese Internment
High quality depictions of US treatment of minorities. Includes Ku Klux Klan meetings, the cotton fields and remarkable footage of Japanese internment camps within the US, and POW camps in the Pacific.
TAPE 1
10:00:50 - 10:06 - USA 1949
Large outdoor Ku Klux Klan meeting.
Children in KKK costumes. Men marching in line. KKK at night holding burning torches. LS group with burning cross. Chatting with hoods up. Grand priest in dark robes with hood off smiling, CU and amidst other KKK.
At night walking past burning pots. Standing with US flag & burning cross. Night group shots. uncostumed Men marching in line. uncostumed men with KKK TAPE 2 00:44:33 - 00:52:56 - New Guinea, 1944
New Guinea - Bougainville, Torokina; Solomon Islands; WWII - Prisoners Of War Camp
Guard patrolling barbed wire of Japanese POW camp. POWs questioned at table inside wire fence. Treating wounded. Japanese-American translator. Cameraman with large motion picture camera. Still photographers. Filming & taking pictures as POWs are questioned. Treating wounds & infection on foot & leg. POW playing homemade stringed instrument. POWs playing cards.
Interrogation conducted by American born Japanese under the supervision of Captain J. Fisher 04:30:42 - 04:46:27 1936 USA b/w
A Study in Educational Inequalities in South Carolina: A National Association for Advancement of Colored People produced comparison of educational conditions for Blacks & Whites in S.C.
Map of USA showing South Carolina & map of South Carolina w/ proportion of Negroes.
04:32:09 Pan rural landscape w/ wooden houses & tenant farmer shacks. Dirt road w/ car.
Black women working in field stripping cane & with men.
Map of SC shows chief crops: corn, cotton, tobacco. Woman & boy picking cotton.
04:34:44 Teenage boy drives mule cart w/ cotton to farm. Cotton sucked through pipe to barn storage.
Chart showing increase in illiteracy during 1920s. Four of every five illiterate people are Blacks; one in every five Blacks between 16 and 20 are illiterate.
04:36:05 Black boy worker shovels out loose material into carriage. Bales of cotton weighed & rolled out of barn onto wagon & hauled off. Wooden farm building, old Black woman in front with White man, old Black man shakes hands with man.
Chart & text outlining SC school administration & school population & spending by race.
04:40:20 Black students into two story wooden school building, teachers in front.
Chart compares Black and White teacher salaries. Teachers in front of school. Children file out of school & students lined up outside school posing stiffly.
04:43:29 Children out of school with brooms, little girl sweeping outdoors; teacher rings handbell and blows horn, children file into school.
04:44:56 Wooden outdoor toilet propped up.
04:45:23 Outside Oakley Hall brick school building for Whites w/ new painted outhouse. Paved road. White kids playing basket ball. 05:00:01 - 05:09:56 1942 B/W SIL Alien Roundup
Unedited footage - everyday life of Japanese-Americans: women shopping, Japanese schools, banks, offices, and a Shinto temple with American and Japanese flags at entrance - religious ceremonies. Japanese children carry and salute a US flag. Japanese Boy Scout troop & scout recruitment poster; a group of elders meeting; Japanese fishermen bringing in fish at harbour; US destroyers.
05:01:44 Policemen opening and inspecting suitcases by roadside while Japanese family waits in car; women pack their bags after inspection.
05:03:48 Japanese children and adults getting off train under MP surveillance; passengers are searched and queue up to register.
05:07:12 Exterior views internment camp / relocation centre with barracks. Views empty race track, - race horses' departure gates? Horse statue - (race tracks were used to round up Japanese-Americans before sending them to camps). 19:23:56 - 19:33:28 1939 USA B/W SIL
Jim Crow Signs
Front Union Station of Richmond. Sign "coloured entrance", section of station for coloured people. Street with traffic, pedestrians and trams, groups of white and black people, policeman. Front large building, cars and lorries past.
Two men enter Liggett and Myers (?) tobacco company office. LS former Capitol of Confederacy Building, sign "White House of Confederacy".
Outside building (bus station?) w/ signs "coloured waiting room".
White pedestrians at crossing on Broad Street. Sign on highway 'coloured tourists stop at Hotel McGuire".
Large official building with pillars, old church and big modern buildings behind. Policeman past restaurant for coloured people, woman looks through window.
Ladies enter mansion with vine. Church spire. Old-fashioned, leafy narrow street with two storey houses. Iron gate R.G. Rhett, No 147, two old ladies comes out. Man in garden by house, enters house.
Battery Park, car past, people on benches. Promenade by sea w/ palm trees, cannons displayed.
Front mansion, two ladies enter. Statue on promenade to confederate defenders of Charleston. More mansions and imposing buildings, church.
20:27:15 - 20:36:42 1943 B/W SD Japanese Relocation
Introductory titles re transfer of Japanese-Americans to internment camps .
20:27:56 Director of Relocation Authority Milton S. Eisenhower at desk, statement to camera & narrates.
20:29:02 Ext. houses in San Pedro near Los Angeles, air base & oil wells nearby. Naval ships; fishing boats in harbour, Japanese fishermen. Army officers at map; notice re Japanese evacuation put up.
20:30:35 Japanese families registering, doctor giving medical examination; filling out paperwork to lease or sell their property.
20:31:02 Loading household goods into moving vans; boarding special buses & waving goodbye. Lines of buses; cars on road in convoy. Empty Japanese shops w/ signs for lease or sale & boarded up. Guarded impounded fishing boats at dock.
20:32:04 Buses w/ displaced Japanese arrive for the wait at race tracks & fairgrounds. LS pan over Santa Anita Race Track barracks . Int. of huge canteen dining hall; church service in grandstand; kids walking w/ mother. High shot of men & women making camouflage nets for US army. Pan over barracks being built. Japanese boarding train & pulling out of station. Bus convoy pulling out & into camp on dusty road; passengers off bus & into building. Japanese nurses giving immunization shots. Sign: Americanization Classes - Advanced. College age women taking notes. Community meetings w/ civic award given, applause. Sign: Children's Centre. Woman pouring milk for young children, MCUs.
20:34:56 Group walking in front of barracks, nursery lathe house. Sign: Production Section Guayuule Experiment Plant. Weeding cuttings grown as possible rubber replacement.
20:35:18 - 20:35:41 damaged
Pan over barren farm field & canals. LS & extensive pan of camp at foot of mountains. "...only when circumstances permit the loyal American citizens once again to enjoy the freedom that we in this country cherish; and when the disloyal, we hope, have left this country for good. In the meantime we're setting a standard for the rest of the world in the treatment of peoples who may have loyalties to an enemy nation. We are protecting ourselves w/o violating the principles of Christian Decency, & we won't change this fundamental decency no matter what our enemies do..."
WWII Homefront Propaganda; Concentration Camps; Anti-Democracy; Imprisonment; 1940s;
FULL SYNOPSIS
Large outdoor Ku Klux Klan meeting.
Children in KKK costumes. Men marching in line. KKK at night holding burning torches. LS group with burning cross. Chatting with hoods up. Grand priest in dark robes with hood off smiling, CU and amidst other KKK.
At night walking past burning pots. Standing with US flag & burning cross. Night group shots. uncostumed Men marching in line. uncostumed men with KKK TAPE 2 00:44:33 - 00:52:56 - New Guinea, 1944
New Guinea - Bougainville, Torokina; Solomon Islands; WWII - Prisoners Of War Camp
Guard patrolling barbed wire of Japanese POW camp. POWs questioned at table inside wire fence. Treating wounded. Japanese-American translator. Cameraman with large motion picture camera. Still photographers. Filming & taking pictures as POWs are questioned. Treating wounds & infection on foot & leg. POW playing homemade stringed instrument. POWs playing cards.
Interrogation conducted by American born Japanese under the supervision of Captain J. Fisher 04:30:42 - 04:46:27 1936 USA b/w
A Study in Educational Inequalities in South Carolina: A National Association for Advancement of Colored People produced comparison of educational conditions for Blacks & Whites in S.C.
Map of USA showing South Carolina & map of South Carolina w/ proportion of Negroes.
04:32:09 Pan rural landscape w/ wooden houses & tenant farmer shacks. Dirt road w/ car.
Black women working in field stripping cane & with men.
Map of SC shows chief crops: corn, cotton, tobacco. Woman & boy picking cotton.
04:34:44 Teenage boy drives mule cart w/ cotton to farm. Cotton sucked through pipe to barn storage.
Chart showing increase in illiteracy during 1920s. Four of every five illiterate people are Blacks; one in every five Blacks between 16 and 20 are illiterate.
04:36:05 Black boy worker shovels out loose material into carriage. Bales of cotton weighed & rolled out of barn onto wagon & hauled off. Wooden farm building, old Black woman in front with White man, old Black man shakes hands with man.
Chart & text outlining SC school administration & school population & spending by race.
04:40:20 Black students into two story wooden school building, teachers in front.
Chart compares Black and White teacher salaries. Teachers in front of school. Children file out of school & students lined up outside school posing stiffly.
04:43:29 Children out of school with brooms, little girl sweeping outdoors; teacher rings handbell and blows horn, children file into school.
04:44:56 Wooden outdoor toilet propped up.
04:45:23 Outside Oakley Hall brick school building for Whites w/ new painted outhouse. Paved road. White kids playing basket ball. 05:00:01 - 05:09:56 1942 B/W SIL Alien Roundup
Unedited footage - everyday life of Japanese-Americans: women shopping, Japanese schools, banks, offices, and a Shinto temple with American and Japanese flags at entrance - religious ceremonies. Japanese children carry and salute a US flag. Japanese Boy Scout troop & scout recruitment poster; a group of elders meeting; Japanese fishermen bringing in fish at harbour; US destroyers.
05:01:44 Policemen opening and inspecting suitcases by roadside while Japanese family waits in car; women pack their bags after inspection.
05:03:48 Japanese children and adults getting off train under MP surveillance; passengers are searched and queue up to register.
05:07:12 Exterior views internment camp / relocation centre with barracks. Views empty race track, - race horses' departure gates? Horse statue - (race tracks were used to round up Japanese-Americans before sending them to camps). 19:23:56 - 19:33:28 1939 USA B/W SIL
Jim Crow Signs
Front Union Station of Richmond. Sign "coloured entrance", section of station for coloured people. Street with traffic, pedestrians and trams, groups of white and black people, policeman. Front large building, cars and lorries past.
Two men enter Liggett and Myers (?) tobacco company office. LS former Capitol of Confederacy Building, sign "White House of Confederacy".
Outside building (bus station?) w/ signs "coloured waiting room".
White pedestrians at crossing on Broad Street. Sign on highway 'coloured tourists stop at Hotel McGuire".
Large official building with pillars, old church and big modern buildings behind. Policeman past restaurant for coloured people, woman looks through window.
Ladies enter mansion with vine. Church spire. Old-fashioned, leafy narrow street with two storey houses. Iron gate R.G. Rhett, No 147, two old ladies comes out. Man in garden by house, enters house.
Battery Park, car past, people on benches. Promenade by sea w/ palm trees, cannons displayed.
Front mansion, two ladies enter. Statue on promenade to confederate defenders of Charleston. More mansions and imposing buildings, church.
20:27:15 - 20:36:42 1943 B/W SD Japanese Relocation
Introductory titles re transfer of Japanese-Americans to internment camps .
20:27:56 Director of Relocation Authority Milton S. Eisenhower at desk, statement to camera & narrates.
20:29:02 Ext. houses in San Pedro near Los Angeles, air base & oil wells nearby. Naval ships; fishing boats in harbour, Japanese fishermen. Army officers at map; notice re Japanese evacuation put up.
20:30:35 Japanese families registering, doctor giving medical examination; filling out paperwork to lease or sell their property.
20:31:02 Loading household goods into moving vans; boarding special buses & waving goodbye. Lines of buses; cars on road in convoy. Empty Japanese shops w/ signs for lease or sale & boarded up. Guarded impounded fishing boats at dock.
20:32:04 Buses w/ displaced Japanese arrive for the wait at race tracks & fairgrounds. LS pan over Santa Anita Race Track barracks . Int. of huge canteen dining hall; church service in grandstand; kids walking w/ mother. High shot of men & women making camouflage nets for US army. Pan over barracks being built. Japanese boarding train & pulling out of station. Bus convoy pulling out & into camp on dusty road; passengers off bus & into building. Japanese nurses giving immunization shots. Sign: Americanization Classes - Advanced. College age women taking notes. Community meetings w/ civic award given, applause. Sign: Children's Centre. Woman pouring milk for young children, MCUs.
20:34:56 Group walking in front of barracks, nursery lathe house. Sign: Production Section Guayuule Experiment Plant. Weeding cuttings grown as possible rubber replacement.
20:35:18 - 20:35:41 damaged
Pan over barren farm field & canals. LS & extensive pan of camp at foot of mountains. "...only when circumstances permit the loyal American citizens once again to enjoy the freedom that we in this country cherish; and when the disloyal, we hope, have left this country for good. In the meantime we're setting a standard for the rest of the world in the treatment of peoples who may have loyalties to an enemy nation. We are protecting ourselves w/o violating the principles of Christian Decency, & we won't change this fundamental decency no matter what our enemies do..."
WWII Homefront Propaganda; Concentration Camps; Anti-Democracy; Imprisonment; 1940s;